The primary difference between a survey and an interview is that a survey collects data from a large number of respondents using standardized questions, whereas an interview gathers in-depth information through direct, one-to-one interaction. A survey uses the same set of questions for all respondents, which makes it possible to collect information from many people at the same time. An interview involves direct conversation between the researcher and one participant, allowing detailed answers and follow-up questions. For example, distributing a questionnaire online is a survey, while asking detailed questions face to face is an interview.
| Basis of Difference | Survey | Interview |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Difference | Survey collects data using structured questionnaires. | Interview collects data through direct personal interaction. |
| Method | Conducted using forms, questionnaires, or online tools. | Conducted through face-to-face, phone, or video conversations. |
| Depth of Information | Provides broad and standardized information. | Provides detailed and exploratory information. |
| Flexibility | Questions remain fixed for all respondents. | Questions can be modified during the discussion. |
| Time and Cost | Less time-consuming and cost-effective. | More time-consuming and relatively expensive. |
| Sample Size | Suitable for large samples. | Suitable for small samples. |
| Data Type | Mainly quantitative data. | Mainly qualitative data. |
| Examples | Online customer satisfaction questionnaire. | In-depth interview with a customer or expert. |